Kushandiswa kwakapararira kwekugadzira simbi yemagetsi (EAF) kuchaenderera mberi nekusimudzira kukura kwekudiwa kwema electrodes e graphite, zvinhu zvikuru zvinotungamira zvichibva mukubatana kwenhungamiro yemutemo, kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, uye kudiwa kwemusika. Ongororo chaiyo ndeiyi inotevera:
I. Masimba Anotungamirirwa Nemutemo: Kuwedzera Kwechikamu Chekugadzira Simbi yeEAF Kunowedzera Zvakananga Kudiwa KwemaElectrode eGraphite
1. Mutemo weChina weKutsiva Hunhu Pasi peZvinangwa zve "Dual Carbon"
China inoronga kuwedzera huwandu hwekugadzira simbi dzeEAF kubva pa10% parizvino kusvika pa15%-20% panosvika 2025, mutemo uchawedzera zvakananga kudiwa kwema electrodes e graphite. Semuenzaniso, nekufungidzirwa kuti kudiwa kwema electrodes e graphite mukugadzira simbi dzeEAF kuchasvika matani 860,000 muna 2025, zvichireva kuwedzera kwegore negore kweinenge 10%, kuwedzera kwekudiwa kuchawedzera kana chikamu chikakwira kusvika pa20%.
2. Kudzoserwa kweKudiwa kweSimbi Pasirose uye Kumanikidzwa Kwezvakatipoteredza
Kudiwa kwesimbi pasi rose kunotarisirwa kuwedzera ne1.2% kusvika kumatani mabhiriyoni 1.772 muna 2025. Pamwe chete nemitemo yepasi rose yezvakatipoteredza yakaita seEU's carbon border adjustment mechanism (CBAM), kugadzirwa kwesimbi dzechinyakare dzeblast furnace (ne60%-70% yakakwira kupfuura EAFs) kunotarisana nekumanikidzwa kuri kuwedzera kwekubviswa, zvichiita kuti kushandiswa kwakapararira kwekugadzira simbi dzeEAF kuve tsika yepasi rose.
II. Kufambira Mberi Kwetekinoroji: MaElectrode eGraphite Ane Simba Rakawanda Sechinhu Chinokosha Chekuvandudza Kushanda Zvakanaka kweEAF
1. Zvinodiwa Zvakasimba Zvekushanda KwemaGraphite Electrodes MuEAF Processes
Maelectrode egrafiti ane simba guru (UHP), anozivikanwa nekusasimba kwakaderera (≤6 μΩ·m) uye simba guru reflexural (≥15 MPa), akakosha pakuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kweEAF. Sezvo simba re arc richiwedzera, maitiro ekunyungudutsa anoda maelectrode egrafiti ane resistance yepamusoro ye oxidation uye resistance yekupisa, zvichikonzera kukura kwekudiwa kwezvinhu zvepamusoro.
2. Kuwedzera Kuwanda Kwemusika Muzvigadzirwa Zvemhando Yepamusoro
Panosvika gore ra2025, mutengo wemaelectrode eUHP unotarisirwa kudarika RMB 18,000 patani, uye mugove wavo wemusika unowedzera kusvika pamusoro pe60% yehuwandu hwese hunodiwa. Makambani anotungamira (semuenzaniso, Fangda Carbon neGraftech) akawana chinzvimbo chepamusoro mumusika wepamusoro kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwetekinoroji, nepo mabhizinesi madiki nepakati (SMEs) ari kubuda nekuda kwekumanikidzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye mitengo, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemakambani pakati pevatambi vepamusoro.
III. Zvinokonzera Kudiwa Kwemusika: Kushandiswa Kwakasimba Mukugadzira Simbi neEAF uye Kuwedzera muMasekta Ari Kukura
1. Hunhu Hwakasimba hweEAF Steelmaking
Kugadzira simbi kweEAF kunoshandisa ma electrodes egrafiti angangoita 1.5-2.5 kg patani yesimbi, zvichiratidza kuomarara kwekudiwa kwayo. Kunyangwe kushandiswa kwe tonnage kwakaderera kubva pa 3.5 kg kusvika pa 1.2 kg nekuda kwekushandiswa kukuru kweEAFs (semuenzaniso, maovheni emagetsi e arc pamusoro pe 100T) uye kugadziriswa kwemaitiro ekunyungudutsa, kudiwa kwese kuri kuramba kuchikura nekuwedzera kwesimba.
2. Kuwedzera kweKudiwa kubva kuMasekta Ari Kukura
- Chikamu Chitsva Chesimba: Kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zve lithium-ion battery anode kunoenderana nezvigadzirwa zve graphite. Kuburitswa kwezvinhu zve anode pasi rose kunofungidzirwa kusvika matani mamiriyoni 2.625 muna 2025, China ichive neinopfuura 98%, zvichikonzera kudiwa kwe graphite electrode graphitization processing.
- Chikamu cheSemiconductor: Maelectrode egraphite akanyatsogadzirwa anoshandiswa muzvitofu zvekristaro nemidziyo yekuchekerera, zvichida mwero wekuchena uri pamusoro pe99.999%. Kuwanda kwekudiwa kwemachipisi e5G neAI kuri kukonzera kukura kwekudiwa kwegore negore kunodarika 15%.
- Kugadzirwa kweSilicon neFosforasi Yero muIndasitiri: Indasitiri yemakemikari inoda maerekitironi ane kugadzikana kwakanyanya uye kugara kwenguva refu, uko maerekitironi egirafiti anotonga.
IV. Matambudziko neMhinduro dzeMaindasitiri: Kugadziriswa kweMagadzirirwo Pakati peDzvinyiriro dzeMari uye Zvipingamupinyi zveNzvimbo
1. Kukwira Kwemitengo Yezvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa
Pakutanga kwegore ra2025, mitengo ye needle coke yakakwira neRMB 5,500 patani mukati memwedzi kusvika paRMB 32,000 patani, nepo mitengo ye sulfur petroleum coke yakaderera kupfuura RMB 7,300 patani, zvichiratidza kuwedzera kwe57% gore negore. Makambani ari kuderedza mitengo nekuvandudza kugona kwekugadzira needle coke mukati (semuenzaniso, kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwe vertical), zvichiratidza mukana wekukwikwidzana wemabhizinesi anotungamira.
2. Mitemo Yezvakatipoteredza Inokurudzira Kuvandudzwa Kwesimba
Kurambidzwa kwezvakatipoteredza munzvimbo dzakadai seHebei neHenan kwakaita kuti pave nekuoma kwemagetsi nguva nenguva, nepo kushandiswa kwesimba rakawanda kwemaitiro ekugadzira girafiti kuchideredza kuwedzera kwesimba. Makambani anofanirwa kugadzira sisitimu ye "production-recovery-regeneration" yakavharwa kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa pasi rose zvezvakatipoteredza zvakaita seEU CBAM.
Mhedziso: Kugamuchirwa kweEAF Steelmaking seCore Engine yeGraphite Electrode Demand Growth
Zvichitungamirirwa nekubatana kwemitemo yemitemo, kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, uye kudiwa kwemusika, kushandiswa kwakapararira kweEAF steelmaking kucharamba kuchikurudzira kukura kwekudiwa kwe graphite electrode. Pasinei nematambudziko akadai sekukwira kwemitengo yezvinhu zvekugadzira uye zvipingamupinyi zvezvakatipoteredza, indasitiri iri kubatanidza demand growth logic kuburikidza ne high-endization (semuenzaniso, UHP electrodes), intelligence (semuenzaniso, digital twin technologies), uye green transitions (semuenzaniso, closed-loop systems). Tichitarisa mberi, makambani anotungamira ane technologies reserves uye vertical integration ability achatonga musika, nepo kushandira pamwe pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana (semuenzaniso, synergistic R&D pakati pema graphene batterys nema electrodes) kunogona kushanda senzira huru dzekukunda matambudziko ekukura.
Nguva yekutumira: Nyamavhuvhu-20-2025