Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha zvinofanira kudzorwa zvakasimba panguva yekugadzira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti coke yekupedzisira yepetroleum coke iri nani?

Mukugadzirwa kwe graphitized petroleum coke, zvakakosha kudzora zvakanyanya zvinotevera zvakakosha kubva pakusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvakabikwa, kurapwa kwekutanga, maitiro e graphitization kusvika mushure mekurapa kuti uve nechokwadi chemhando yechigadzirwa chekupedzisira:

I. Kusarudzwa kweZvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa uye Kurapwa Kwepamberi

Zviri muSulfur

• Mutemo Wekudzora: Huremu hwesarufa mu coke yepetroleum isina kugadzirwa hunofanira kuva ≤0.5%. Coke ine sarufa yakawanda inogona kukonzera kuwedzera kwegasi panguva yekugadzirwa kwegirafiti, zvichikonzera kutsemuka kwechigadzirwa.
• Kukanganiswa: Kuderedzwa kwega kwega kwe0.1% kwehuwandu hwesarufa kunoderedza mwero wekutsemuka kwechigadzirwa ne15%-20% uye kunoderedza kusimba kwemushonga ne5%-8%.

Zviri Mudota

• Mutemo Wekudzora: Kuwanda kwedota kunofanirwa kunge kuri ≤0.3%, tsvina huru iri maokisidhi esimbi akadai sesimbi, silicon, uye calcium.
• Kukanganisa: Kuwedzera kwega kwega kwehuwandu hwemadota ne 0.1% kunowedzera kusimba kwechinhu ne 10%-15% uye kunoderedza simba remuchina ne 8%-10%.

Kugoverwa kweSaizi dzeChidimbu

• Mutemo weKudzora: Koke ine granular inofanira kunge iri ≥80%, nepo koke ine upfu (saizi yezvikamu <0.5 mm) inofanira kunge iri ≤20%.
• Kukanganiswa: Coke yakawanda ine upfu inogona kukonzera kuchekwa kweganda panguva yekuchekwa kwe calcination, zvichikanganisa kubviswa kwezvinhu zvinoputika; kuvandudzika kwekufanana kwe granular coke kunoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba re graphitization ne5%-10%.

Maitiro eKukora Calcination

• Kupisa: 1200-1400°C kwemaawa 8-12.
• Basa: Inobvisa zvinhu zvinoshanduka (kubva pa8%-15% kusvika <1%) uye inowedzera density chaiyo (kubva pa1.9 g/cm³ kusvika ≥2.05 g/cm³).
• Nzvimbo Yekudzora: Kuwanda kwechokwadi mushure mekukora kunofanira kuva ≥2.08 g/cm³; zvikasadaro, kuoma kwegirafiti kunowedzera, uye resistivity inokwira.

II. Maitiro ekugadzira Graphitization

Kudzora Tembiricha

• Chikamu Chepakati: 2800-3000°C, inochengetwa kwemaawa 48-72.
• Mhedzisiro:
  • Kuwedzera kwega kwega kwe100°C mukupisa kunowedzera kristallinity ne5%-8% uye kunoderedza resistivity ne3%-5%.
  • Kusakwana kwekupisa (<2700°C) kunoita kuti pave nekabhoni isina kugadzirwa zvakanaka, ine simba rekudzivirira kupisa >15 μΩ·m; kupisa kwakanyanya (>3100°C) kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kwechimiro chekabhoni.

Kufanana kweTembiricha

• Mutemo Wekudzora: Musiyano wekupisa pakati pepakati pechoto nemucheto ≤150°C, ne termocouple spacing ≤30 cm.
• Kukanganiswa: Kuwedzera kwega kwega kwe50°C mutsauko wekupisa kunowedzera kusiyana kwe resistivity yenzvimbo ne10%-15% uye kunoderedza goho rezvigadzirwa ne5%-8%.

Mwero wekupisa

• Mutemo Wekudzora:
  • 25-800°C danho: ≤3°C/h (kudzivirira kutsemuka kwekupisa).
  • Danho re 800-1250°C: ≤5°C/h (kukurudzira kuumbwa kwechimiro chekabhoni chakarongwa).
• Kukanganiswa: Kupisa kwakanyanya kunoita kuti huwandu hwechigadzirwa huderere kupfuura 15%, zvichikonzera kutsemuka.

Mhepo Inodzivirira

• Mutemo weKudzora: Mwero wekuyerera kwenitrogen we0.8-1.2 m³/awa, kana kushandiswa kwenzvimbo ye argon/vacuum.
• Basa: Kudzivirira oxidation uye kuderedza kusvibiswa (semuenzaniso, huwandu hweokisijeni hunoderera kubva pa0.5% kusvika <0.1%).

III. Kurapwa uye Kucheneswa Mushure meKurapwa

Mwero wekutonhorera

• Mutemo Wekudzora: Mwero wekutonhodza unononoka ≤20°C/awa mushure mekugadzira graphitization.
• Kukanganiswa: Kutonhora nekukurumidza kunokonzera kushushikana kwekupisa, zvichideredza kuramba kupisa kwechigadzirwa ne30%-50%.

Kupwanya uye Kuongorora

• Mutemo Wekudzora: Saizi yezvikamu D50 inodzorwa pa 10-20 μm, ine kufukidza pamusoro (semuenzaniso, pitch kana chemical vapor deposition) ukobvu hwakafanana ≤5%.
• Basa: Rinogadzirisa chimiro chezvimedu uye rinowedzera huwandu hwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa (kubva pa 0.8 g/cm³ kusvika ≥1.2 g/cm³).

Kurapa Kwekuchenesa

• Kucheneswa kweHalogen: Gasi reCl₂ rinoita shanduko pa1900-2300°C kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana, zvichideredza kusvibiswa kusvika ≤50 ppm.
• Kuchenesa Vacuum: Kuchengetedzwa pa 10⁻³ Pa vacuum kwemaawa makumi mashanu, zvichiita kuti pave nekusvibiswa kwakakwana ≤10 ppm (yekushandisa kwepamusoro-soro).

IV. Pfupiso yeNzvimbo Dzinokosha Dzekudzora

V. Maitiro eTekinoroji uye Mirayiridzo yeKugadzirisa

Kudzora Maumbirwo Akapfava: Gadzira tekinoroji yekugadzira upfu hwecoke hwe 0.1-1 μm kuti uwedzere isotropy uye kuderedza resistivity kusvika <5 μΩ·m.
Masisitimu Ekugadzira Akangwara: Shandisa masisitimu ekudzora tembiricha emagetsi maviri akavakirwa pamagetsi kuti goho riwedzere kusvika pa95%.
Maitiro Ekurima: Shandisa hydrogen senzira yekuderedza kuburitswa kweCO₂; shandisa tekinoroji yekudzoreredza kupisa kwemarara kuti uderedze kushandiswa kwesimba ne10%-15%.

Nekunyatso dzora ma parameter aya, graphitized petroleum coke inogona kuwana kabhoni ≥99.9%, resistivity ye5-7 μΩ·m, uye thermal expansion coefficient ye1.5-2.5×10⁻⁶/°C, zvichizadzisa zvinodiwa zvemaindasitiri epamusoro-soro.