Chii chinonzi graphitized petroleum coke?

Graphitized Petroleum Coke: Chinhu Chine Kabhoni Chinoshanda Zvakanyanya Chinobva kuPetroleum Coke

Graphitized petroleum coke chinhu chinogadzirwa nekuisa petroleum coke pakupisa kwakanyanya (kazhinji 2,800°C–3,000°C). Chinhu chikuru chayo chiri mukugadziriswazve kwemaatomu ekabhoni mupetroleum coke muchimiro chekristalline chakapetwa pedyo negraphite yechisikigo, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya hunhu hwayo hwepanyama uye hwemakemikari. Pasi apa pane ongororo yakadzama:

I. Hunhu Hukuru: Kuvandudza Mashandiro kuburikidza neGraphitization

1. Kuwanda kweCarbon & Kusachena Kwakaderera
   • Huremu hwekabhoni hunodarika 98%, huremu hwesarufa hwakaderera kusvika <0.05%, nedota nezvinhu zvinoshanduka zvakaderera zvakanyanya pane coke yepetroleum yakajairika. Kuchena uku kwakanyanya kunoita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa mukugadzira simbi, makemikari, uye mamwe maindasitiri.
2. Kufambisa Kwemagetsi Kwakanaka Uye Kupisa
   • Kugadzira girafiti kunogadzira chimiro chakajairwa, zvichideredza kuramba kwekufamba kwemaerekitironi. Kuramba kwegirafiti kunodzikira kusvika pa5–7 μΩ·m (vs. 8–12 μΩ·m ye coke yakajairika), zvichiswedera padanho rekufambisa girafiti yechisikigo.
3. Kugadzikana Kwekupisa Kwakanyanya & Kusashanda Kwemakemikari
   • Inochengetedza kugadzikana kwechimiro pakupisa kwakanyanya (semuenzaniso, >1,600°C mumaovheni emagetsi anogadzira simbi) uye inodzivirira kusangana nemaacids/alkalis. Yakakodzera zvinhu zvinoramba kusimba uye reactors dzinopisa zvakanyanya.
4. Mwero weKunyudzwa Kwepamusoro & Kuwanda Kwemafuta Kwakaderera (CTE)
   • Maumbirwo ane maburi (30–50% maburi) uye CTE yakaderera (~1.5–2.5×10⁻⁶/°C) anoshanda zvakanaka mukushandiswa senge macarburizers nemafuta ekuzora.

II. Maitiro Ekugadzira: Matanho Akakosha Mukugadzira Graphitization Yekupisa Kwakanyanya

1. Kurapa Zvinhu Zvisina Kugadzirwa
   • Sarudza coke yepetroleum ine sarufa shoma, ine ash shoma (semuenzaniso, needle coke kana sponge coke kubva pakunonoka kubikwa). Pwanya, vhara, uye sanganisa saizi yezvikamu (semuenzaniso, 0–1 mm, 1–3 mm).
2. Kugadzira Graphitization Yekupisa Kwakanyanya
   • Nzira Yechinyakare yeAcheson Furnace: Sanganisa petroleum coke nezvinhu zvinoshandisa grafitizing (semuenzaniso, jecha re quartz) wopisa kusvika 2,800–3,000°C muchoto chinodzivirira kupisa kwemaawa 20–50. Simba rakawanda rinoshandiswa (6,000–8,000 kWh/ton) asi michina yakakura.
   • Nzira Yemazuva Ano Yekushandisa Furnace Inoramba Ichishandiswa: Shandisa magubhu emhepo anodzivirira gasi (N₂/Ar) kuti udziye/utonhore nekukurumidza (nguva yekushanda: maawa 24–48). Kushandiswa kwesimba kwaderedzwa kusvika pa3,500 kWh/ton, nekuchena kwakanyanya (dota <0.1%).
3. Kugadziriswa Mushure meKugadzirwa
   • Coke inotonhorera, pwanya, uye bvisa girafu. Isa pendi pamusoro (semuenzaniso, pitch) kana chemical vapor deposition (CVD) kuti uvandudze mashandiro zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemutengi.

III. Mashandisirwo: "Zvinhu Zvinoshandiswa Pakugadzira" zveSimbi neMakemikoro

1. Indasitiri yesimbi
   • MaElectrode eGraphite: Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzira simbi muchoto chemagetsi, zvinotsungirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye mafungu emvura kuti zvivandudze kushanda zvakanaka.
   • Carburizer: Inokurumidza kuwedzera huwandu hwekabhoni (>90% inonyudzwa) mu ductile/grey iron casting ukuwo ichideredza sarufa (<0.05%) kuti iwedzere kunaka kwekuumbwa.
   • Zvinhu Zvinodzivirira Kupisa: Zvinoshandiswa muzvidhinha zvekabhoni kana musanganiswa we ramming kuti zvivharwe muchoto chinodziya zvakanyanya kuti zviwedzere hupenyu hwebasa.
2. Indasitiri yeMakemikari
   • Kugadzirwa kweSilicon Carbide: Inoshanda senzvimbo ine kabhoni ichishanda neSiO₂ kuti igadzire zvinhu zvinobvisa silicon carbide zvakaoma uye zvisingapfeki.
   • Zvinhu zveBhatiri: Coke ine graphized yakakura saizi Nano inovandudza mashandiro ebhatiri re lithium-ion anode charge/discharge.
3. Mamwe Mapurogiramu
   • Mafuta ekuzora: Maumbirwo akagadzirwa nezvikamu uye kushaya simba zvishoma zvinobvumira kushandiswa semafuta akasimba mumichina.
   • Zvinowedzerwa mupurasitiki/rabha: Zvinowedzera simba rekufambisa kana kuti rekudzivirira kushanduka kwemhepo.

IV. Kuenzaniswa neOrdinary Petroleum Coke

V. Kukosha Kwemusika & Maitiro

Zvichikonzerwa nekukura kwekugadzira simbi dzemagetsi uye mota itsva dzinoshandisa simba, kudiwa kwecoke yepetroleum ine graphitized kuri kuramba kuchikwira. Tekinoroji yemazuva ano yekupisa inoenderera mberi inoderedza mitengo yekugadzira ne40–50% zvichienzaniswa nenzira dzechinyakare, zvichiita kuti kuwedzerwa kuitwe pakati nepakati. Kufambira mberi mune ramangwana, senge kuderedza hydrogen uye kupisa microwave, zvinovimbisa maitiro ekugadzira ari nani uye anoshanda zvakanyanya.