Petroleum coke chigadzirwa chakasimba chinobvira moto chinowanikwa kubva mumafuta akasara uye asphalt yepetroleum kuburikidza nekubika. Ruvara rwayo rutema uye rune maburi, chinhu chikuru icarbon, uye huwandu hwedota hwakaderera zvikuru, kazhinji huri pasi pe0.5%. Petroleum coke rudzi rwekabhoni yakapfava yakasanganiswa, petroleum coke ine mashandisirwo akasiyana-siyana muindasitiri yemakemikari, simbi nedzimwe nzvimbo, uye ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzira zvigadzirwa zvegrafiti uye zvigadzirwa zve electrolytic aluminum carbon.
Zvichienderana nekupisa kunodziya, petroleum coke inogona kukamurwa kuita mhando mbiri: raw coke ne calcined coke. Iyo yekare petroleum coke inowanikwa kubva pakunonoka kubikwa ine zvakawanda zvinoshanduka uye ine simba shoma remuchina. Iyo calcined coke inowanikwa ne calcination. Nzvimbo zhinji dzekunatsa muChina dzinogadzira chete raw coke, uye mabasa mazhinji e calcination anoitwa muzvirimwa zvekabhoni.
Mafuta emuchina anogona kukamurwa kuita marudzi matatu emhando ye "high sulfur coke" (ine inopfuura 1.5% sarufa), "medium salfa coke" (ine 0.5%-1.5% sarufa), uye "low salfa coke" (ine isingasviki 0.5% sarufa). Ma "graphite electrodes" nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zve "graphite" zvekugadzira zvinowanzoshandisa "low salfa coke" yakagadzirwa.
Needle coke rudzi rwe coke yemhando yepamusoro ine magadzirirwo akajeka e fibrous, kunyanya low thermal expansion coefficient uye nyore graphitization. Kana coke block yapwanyika, inogona kupatsanurwa kuita zvidimbu zvidiki zve strip zvichienderana nemagadzirirwo (aspect ratio inowanzo kuve pamusoro pe 1.75), uye chimiro che anisotropic fibrous chinogona kuonekwa pasi pe polarized light microscope, saka inonzi needle coke.
Kushanda kwe anisotropy ye needle coke kwakajeka zvikuru, uye ine magetsi akanaka uye kupisa kwakaenzana ne long axis ye particles, uye thermal expansion coefficient yakaderera. Munguva yekuumbwa kwe extrusion, long axis ye particles dzakawanda inorongwa zvichienderana negwara re extrusion. Saka, needle coke ndiyo chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira ma electrodes e graphite ane simba guru kana ultra-high-power, ane resistivity yakaderera, coefficient diki ye expansion ye thermal uye antithermal shock resistance yakanaka.
Needle coke yakakamurwa kuita oiri needle coke inogadzirwa kubva mumafuta akasara uye coke yeneedle coke inogadzirwa kubva muasphalt yemarasha yakanatswa.
Pitch yetara yemarasha ndeimwe yezvigadzirwa zvikuru zvekugadzirisa tara yemarasha yakadzika. Imusanganiswa wemhando dzakasiyana dzemahydrocarbon, dema high viscosity semi-solid kana solid patembiricha yemumba, isina nzvimbo yakagadzika yekunyunguduka, inonyoroveswa mushure mekupisa, yozonyunguduka, ine density ye1.25-1.35g/cm3. Zvinoenderana nenzvimbo yayo yekunyorovesa, yakakamurwa kuita asphalt yekupisa kwakaderera, pakati nepakati uye yepamusoro-soro mhando nhatu. Goho reasphalt yekupisa kwepakati i54-56% yetara yemarasha. Kuumbwa kwepitch yemarasha kwakaoma zvikuru, izvo zvine chekuita nehunhu hwetar yemarasha uye huwandu hweheteroatoms, uye zvinokanganiswawo ne coking process system uye mamiriro ekugadzirisa tar yemarasha. Kune ma indexes akawanda anotsanangura hunhu hwepitch yemarasha, senge asphalt softening point, toluene insoluble (TI), quinoline insoluble (QI), coking value uye rheological hunhu hwepitch yemarasha.
Marasha anoshandiswa semushonga wekubatanidza uye wekuisa simbi muindasitiri yekabhoni, uye hunhu hwayo hune simba guru pakugadzirwa kwezvinhu uye mhando yezvigadzirwa zvekabhoni. Asphalt yekubinda inowanzoshandisa asphalt inogadziriswa nekupisa kwepakati kana tembiricha yepakati ine pokunyorovesa pakati nepakati, coking value yepamusoro uye beta resin yakakwira, uye mushonga wekuisa simbi unofanirwa kushandisa asphalt inodziya yepakati ine pokunyorovesa yakaderera, QI yakaderera uye rheology yakanaka.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-07-2025