Dambudziko Rekutanga: "Cinderella" yeIndasitiri Yekuchenesa Oiri
Zvaitaurwa: Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, nekushandiswa kwakapararira kwetekinoroji yekupwanya mafuta asina kucheneswa, nzvimbo dzekuchenesa mafuta dzakagadzira huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinonetsa—petroleum coke. Yaionekwa se "nzvimbo yakaderera" ine kukosha kwakaderera zvikuru.
Mashandisirwo Ekutanga: Nzvimbo dzayo huru dzaishanda semafuta akachipa (ekugadzira magetsi uye mumafekitori esimende) kana sezvinhu zvikuru zvekugadzira maelectrode ekabhoni (senge maanode anoshandiswa mukunyungudutsa aruminiyamu). Panguva iyi, mhando yayo yakasiyana zvikuru, uye yaionekwa sechinhu "chisina kuchena uye chisina kunaka".
Chinhu Chinosimudzira Hondo: Kukwira kweKugadzira Simbi yeMagetsi Arc Furnace
Chinhu Chinokosha Pakuchinja: Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, tekinoroji yekugadzira simbi yemagetsi ye arc furnace (EAF) yakakurumidza kukura. Kudiwa kwesimbi dzemhando yepamusoro kwakawedzera munguva yehondo. Chikamu chikuru cheEAF ielectrode, iyo inoda kutsungirira tembiricha yemagetsi ye arc inosvika 3000°C uye ine mafambiro emagetsi akanaka kwazvo.
Dambudziko rezvinhu: Maelectrode ekabhoni akajairwa haana kuzadzisa zvinodiwa. Aiwanzobatwa neoxidation, aikurumidza kushandiswa, uye aishanda zvishoma. Vanhu vakaona kuti zvaikosha kuvandudza kuchena uye chimiro chekristaro chezvinhu zvakagadziriswa zveelectrode.
Kutanga kwe "Graphitization": Panguva ino, tekinoroji ye "graphitization", iyo yakatanga kubva pakugadzirwa kwaEdward G. Acheson kwegraphite yekugadzira mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19, yakashandiswa kune petroleum coke. Zvakaonekwa kuti petroleum coke yaishandiswa kupisa kwakanyanya pamusoro pe2500°C yakakwira zvakanyanya, ichienderana nezvinodiwa nemaelectrode eEAF. Izvi zvakaratidza shanduko huru yekutanga mumugumo wepetroleum coke - kuvandudzwa kwayo kubva pamafuta kuenda kune chinhu chakakosha chinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri.
Dombo reIndasitiri: Kubatana neIndasitiri yeAruminiyamu
Ukama Hwekubatana: Mushure mehondo, panguva yekuvandudzwa kwehupfumi hwepasi rose, indasitiri yearuminiyamu yakawedzera nekukurumidza. Sero reHall-Héroult electrolytic rekugadzira aruminiyamu yesimbi raida huwandu hwakawanda hweanode dzakabikwa kare, uye petroleum coke yepamusoro (kunyanya "green coke" isina sulfuri yakawanda) ndiyo yaive chinhu chikuru chakagadzirwa.
Kukura Kunokonzerwa Nekuda: Kudiwa kukuru kubva muindasitiri yearuminiyamu kwakagadzirisa musika wepetroleum coke uye kwakakurudzira tsvakiridzo yakadzama pamusoro pemhando yepetroleum coke (yakadai sesarufa, tsvina yesimbi, uye thermal expansion coefficient), zvichiisa hwaro hwakasimba hwemaindasitiri ekushandisa graphitization inotevera.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-10-2025