Kugadzika kwemarasha, kupfupikiswa kwekuti coal tar pitch, coal tar distillation processing mushure mekubviswa kwe liquid distillate residue, ndeyemhando ye asphalt yekugadzira, inowanzo kuve ye viscous liquid, semi-solid kana solid, dema uye inopenya, inowanzove ne carbon 92 ~ 94%, hydrogen inenge 4 ~ 5%. Kugadzika kwemarasha tar chigadzirwa chikuru mukugadzirwa kwe coal tar uye chinhu chisingatsiviwi chekugadzira kabhoni.
Chinangwa chekudiridza tara ndechekuunganidza zvinhu zvine mapoinzi akafanana mutara kuita zvikamu zvinoenderana kuti zviwedzere kugadziriswa nekupatsanurwa kwezvigadzirwa zve monomer. Zvasara zvedistillate inotorwa netara yemarasha, iyo inoita 50% ~ 60% yetara yemarasha.
Zvichienderana nenzvimbo dzakasiyana dzekunyorovesa, asphalt yemarasha yakakamurwa kuita asphalt inodziya zvishoma (asphalt yakapfava), asphalt inodziya zviri pakati nepakati (asphalt yakajairwa), asphalt inodziya zvakanyanya (asphalt yakaoma) muzvikamu zvitatu, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chine magiredhi maviri Nhamba 1 nenhamba 2.
Bitumen yemarasha inonyanya kushandiswa muminda inotevera:
* Mafuta: Zvinhu zvakasimba zvinogona kusanganiswa nemafuta anorema kana kugadzirwa kuti zvive slurry inoshandiswa, zvinogona kuita basa rekutsiva mafuta anorema.
Pendi: Pendi inowedzera rosin kana turpentine uye zvinozadza pakubika mafuta ezvivakwa kana mapaipi asingapindi mvura. Yakakodzera simbi yekunze, kongiri nematombo, jira risingapindi mvura uye jira rinodzivirira, uye inogona kupendwa nekupenda patembiricha yemumba.
* Kuvakwa kwemigwagwa, zvinhu zvekuvaka: zvinowanzo sanganiswa neasphalt yepetroleum, asphalt yemarasha neasphalt yepetroleum zvichienzaniswa, pane musiyano uri pachena wemhando yepamusoro uye musiyano wekugara kwenguva refu. Asphalt yemarasha haina kusimba zvakanaka, haina kugadzikana zvakanaka pakupisa, inopwanyika munguva yechando, inonyorova muzhizha, uye inokwegura nekukurumidza.
* Binder: Inoshandisa electrode, anode paste nezvimwe zvinogadzirwa necarbon binder, inowanzo gadziriswa asphalt. Kazhinji, asphalt yakagadziriswa inogadzirwa kubva kuasphalt inodziya zviri pakati nepakati. MuChina, nzira yekudziisa kettle inowanzo shandiswa, uye gasi rinoshandiswa semafuta ekupisa asphalt mu reactor. Pakupedzisira, asphalt yakagadziriswa yakasimba inowanikwa kuburikidza nekupatsanurwa uye kuunganidzwa kwegranulation.
* Asphalt coke: zvasara zvakasimba zveasphalt yemarasha mushure mekudzoreredza tembiricha yepamusoro kana kunonoka kubikwa. Asphalt coke inowanzo shandiswa sezvinhu zvekabhoni zvakakosha, izvo zvakakosha pakugadzira michina yekugadzira semiconductor uye solar panel. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sezvinhu zveelectrode zvekuchenesa aruminiyamu, zvinhu zvakakangwa zvekugadzira simbi yemagetsi uye zvinhu zvekabhoni zvakakosha zve semiconductor.
* Needle coke: asphalt yakapfava yakanatswa nekugadzira zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa, kunonoka kubika, calcination inodziya zvakanyanya, inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira ma electrode uye zvigadzirwa zve carbon. Zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvayo zvine resistivity yakaderera, low thermal expansion coefficient yakaderera, strong heat resistance, high mechanical strength uye good oxidation resistance.
* Kabhoni fiber: fiber yakakosha ine kabhoni inopfuura 92% inowanikwa kubva muasphalt kuburikidza nekunatswa, kutenderera, pre-oxidation, carbonization kana graphitization.
* Oil felt, activated carbon, carbon black nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-30-2022