Simbi chena yakakandwa: Kungofanana neshuga yatinoisa mutii, kabhoni inonyungudika zvachose musimbi yemvura. Kana kabhoni iyi yakanyungudika mumvura isingakwanise kuparadzaniswa nesimbi yemvura uku simbi yakakandwa ichioma, asi ikaramba yakanyungudika zvachose muchimiro, tinoitumidza chimiro chinobuda kuti simbi chena yakakandwa. Simbi chena yakakandwa, ine chimiro chisina kusimba, inonzi simbi chena yakakandwa nekuti inoratidza ruvara rwakajeka, ruchena kana yapwanyika.
Simbi yakakandwa yegrey: Kunyange zvazvo simbi yakakandwa yemvura ichioma, kabhoni yakanyungudutswa musimbi yakakandwa yemvura, senge shuga iri mutii, inogona kubuda sechikamu chakasiyana panguva yekuoma. Patinoongorora chimiro chakadaro pasi pemaikorosikopu, tinoona kuti kabhoni yakaora kuita chimiro chakasiyana chinoonekwa nemaziso, muchimiro chegraphite. Tinodana rudzi urwu rwesimbi yakakandwa sesimbi yakakandwa yegrey, nekuti kana chimiro ichi, umo kabhoni inoonekwa mu lamellae, ndiko kuti, muzvikamu, chapwanyika, ruvara rusina kujeka uye rwegrey runobuda.
Simbi yakakandwa ine madota: Simbi chena dzataurwa pamusoro dzinoonekwa mumamiriro ekutonhora nekukurumidza, nepo simbi dzegrey dzichionekwa mumamiriro ekutonhora anononoka. Kana mwero wekutonhora kwechikamu chakadururwa uchienderana nenzvimbo apo kuchinja kubva kuchena kuenda kugrey kunoitika, zvinokwanisika kuona kuti zvidimbu zvegrey nezvichena zvinoonekwa pamwe chete. Tinodana idzi simbi dzakakandwa kuti dzine madota nekuti patinopwanya chidimbu chakadaro, zvitsuwa zvegrey zvinoonekwa pamashure machena.
Simbi yakakandwa ine mwero: Rudzi urwu rwesimbi yakakandwa runosimbiswa sesimbi chena yakakandwa. Nemamwe mashoko, kuoma kwesimbi yakakandwa kunovimbiswa kuitira kuti kabhoni irambe yakanyungudika zvachose muchimiro. Zvadaro, simbi chena yakakandwa ine mwero inopiswa kuitira kuti kabhoni yakanyungudika muchimiro iparadzaniswe nechimiro. Mushure mekurapa uku kupisa, tinoona kuti kabhoni inobuda semabhora asina kuumbwa zvakanaka, akaungana.
Pamusoro pekupatsanura uku, kana kabhoni yakakwanisa kupatsanurana nechimiro nekuda kwekuoma (sezvakaita grey cast irons), tinogona kugadzira rumwe rudzi nekutarisa hunhu hwepamutemo hwegraphite inobuda:
Simbi yakakandwa yegrey (lamellar graphite): Kana kabhoni yaoma zvikaita kuti pave nechimiro chegrafiti chakaita semashizha ekabhichi, tinotaura nezvesimbi dzakakandwa dzakadai sesimbi dzakakandwa dzegrey kana lamellar graphite. Tinogona kusimbisa chimiro ichi, chinoitika mu alloys uko oxygen nesarufa zvakakwira, pasina kuratidza kudzikira kwakanyanya nekuda kwekupisa kwayo kwakanyanya.
Simbi yakaumbwa negirafiti: Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, tinoona kuti muchimiro ichi, kabhoni inoonekwa sebhora regirafiti rakatenderera. Kuti girafiti iparare kuita chimiro chedenderedzwa pane chimiro che lamellar, okisijeni nesarufa zviri mumvura zvinofanirwa kuderedzwa pasi pedanho rakati. Ndosaka pakugadzira simbi yakaumbwa negirafiti rakatenderera, tinoisa magnesium musimbi yakaumbwa, iyo inogona kukurumidza kuita oxygen nesarufa, tobva taidurura muzviumbwa.
Iron yakakandwa yeVermicular graphite: Kana mushonga wemagnesium unoshandiswa panguva yekugadzira simbi yakakandwa yespheroidal graphite usina kukwana uye graphite isingakwanise kuumbwa zvizere, chimiro ichi chegraphite, chatinodaidza kuti vermicular (kana compact), chinogona kubuda. Vermicular graphite, inova fomu yekuchinja pakati pemhando dze lamellar nespheroidal graphite, haingopi chete simbi yakakandwa ine hunhu hwepamusoro hwespheroidal graphite, asiwo inoderedza shrinkage nekuda kwekupisa kwayo kwakanyanya. Chimiro ichi, chinoonekwa sechikanganiso mukugadzirwa kwesimbi yakakandwa yespheroidal graphite, chinogadzirwa nemaune nemakambani mazhinji ekugadzira nekuda kwezvakanaka zvataurwa pamusoro apa.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-20-2024