Hazvisi zvekungo "wedzera kabhoni" chete: Ko graphitized petroleum coke inosimudzira sei chinyararire "majini" esimbi?

Graphitized petroleum coke inowedzera "majini" emhando yesimbi zvakakwana nekuvandudza chimiro chekabhoni, kudzora magadzirirwo acho nemazvo, kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwesimbi, uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira zvinhu zvepamusoro. Maitiro chaiwo nemigumisiro yacho ndeaya anotevera:

I. Kugadzirisa Maumbirwo eKabhoni: Kusvetuka Kwemhando Yepamusoro kubva ku "Mbeu Dzakakora" kuenda ku "Mupunga Wakacheneswa"

Zvimwe zvinowedzerwa kabhoni (zvakaita se calcined coke) zvine marongero emaatomu ekabhoni asina kurongeka, ane mwero wekunyudzwa we60% chete. Kusiyana neizvi, graphitized petroleum coke, inopinzwa mukupisa kwakanyanya pa2800℃, inoumba chimiro chegirafiti chakafanana ne "stacked playing cards." Chimiro ichi chinoita kuti inyungudike nekukurumidza musimbi yakanyungudutswa, mwero wekunyudzwa uchikwira kusvika pamusoro pe90%. Semuenzaniso, pakugadzira simbi ine simbi (GCr15), huwandu hwekabhoni hunofanira kudzorwa nemazvo mukati me1.05%-1.15%. Kushandisa graphitized carbon additive kunoita kuti mwero wekunyudzwa uve wakasimba we92%, nekuchinja kwehuwandu hwekabhoni kusingapfuure ±0.02%, nokudaro kudzivirira kuputsika kwebrittle kana kuomarara kwemabearings kunokonzerwa nekutsauka kwehuwandu hwekabhoni.

II. Mutemo Wakanyatsorongeka Wekuumbwa: Kugadzirisa "Hurongwa Hwekudya" hweSimbi Yepamusoro

• Kusachena Kwakaderera: Maitiro ekugadzira girafiti anoshandura sarufa, nitrogen, nezvimwe zvinhu zvisina kuchena kuita magasi anoputika, zvichideredza huwandu hwesarufa kusvika pasi pe0.05% uye huwandu hwenitrogen kusvika pasi pe0.01%. Semuenzaniso, simbi yesilicon isingatungamirirwe inoshandiswa mudzimba dzemotokari itsva inoda huwandu hwekabhoni huri pasi pe0.005%, zvichiita kuti zvidikanwe kushandiswa kwezvinowedzera kabhoni zvakachena zvakanyanya. Saizvozvowo, maalloy akagadzirwa nenickel emagetsi enyukireya anofanira kunge aine huwandu hwenitrogen husingapfuure 0.01%, chinodiwa chisingakwanise kusvikwa nezvinowedzera kabhoni zvakajairika.
• Kudzora Kuumbwa Kwakagadzikana: Nekugadzirisa huwandu hwechikafu uye ma process parameters, huwandu hwezvinhu zvakaita sekabhoni, sarufa, uye nitrogen musimbi yakanyungudutswa hunogona kudzorwa nemazvo. Semuenzaniso, mukunyunguduka kwechoto chemagetsi, graphitized petroleum coke inowedzerwa pamwe chete nesimbi yakapwanyika nezvimwe zvinhu zvekuchaja kudzivirira oxidation yakawandisa inokonzerwa nekudyisa kukuru, zvichiita kuti huwandu hwekabhoni mu castings husvike pazvinodiwa.

III. Kuvandudza Kushanda Kwesimbi: Kubva "Kusagadzikana Kwekugaya" Kuenda "Kunyatsonwiwa"

• Kuwedzerwa Kwekutorwa Kwekabhoni: Kutorwa kwekabhoni kwegraphitized petroleum coke kwakakwira ne30% kupfuura kwezvinowedzera kabhoni zvakajairika, zvichireva kuti pa10 jin yega yega yekabhoni inowedzerwa, kutorwa kwayo kunobudirira kunowedzera ne3 jin. Izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kurasikirwa kwekabhoni panguva yekugadzirwa kwesimbi uye zvinoderedza mari yekugadzira.
• Kuderedzwa Kwekusvibiswa Kwemhepo: Hunhu hwakaderera hwesarufa nenitrogen hwe graphitized petroleum coke hunoderedza kuburitswa kwe sulfur dioxide ne nitrogen oxides panguva yekunyungudutsa, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza simba uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwemhepo. Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwe graphitized petroleum coke kunogona kuderedza kuburitswa kwe sulfur oxide mumakambani esimbi neanopfuura 50%.

IV. Kusangana Nezvinodiwa Zvekugadzira Zvinhu Zvepamusoro-soro: Kusvetuka kubva pakuva "Simba Rine Simba" kuenda kukuva "Simba Rine Simba"

• Kutsigira Kugadzirwa Kwezvigadzirwa Zvemhando Yepamusoro: Graphitized petroleum coke chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira simbi ine grey cast iron yakasimba, simbi yesilicon isina kurongeka, nickel-based alloys, nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvesimbi zvemhando yepamusoro. Semuenzaniso, kugadzirwa kwezvinhu "zvakaoma" zvakaita se wind turbine flanges nemapombi esimba renyukireya kunoenderana nekuchena kwayo kwakanyanya uye hunhu hwayo hwekunyudzwa kwakanyanya.
• Kusimudzira Kuvandudzwa Kwemaindasitiri: Sezvo indasitiri yesimbi yeChina iri kushanduka kuenda kubudiriro yepamusoro uye yekurima, "kutsiviwa kwemuno" kwegraphitized petroleum coke kuri kukurumidza. Kushandiswa kwayo hakungowedzere kunaka kwezvigadzirwa zvesimbi chete asiwo kunokurudzira kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji muchikamu chose chemaindasitiri. Semuenzaniso, kambani yesimbi yakaderedza kushanduka kwehuwandu hwekabhoni hwesimbi inobereka kubva pa ±0.05% kusvika ±0.02% nekushandisa graphitized petroleum coke, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwe15% muhuwandu hwechigadzirwa.

V. Zvidzidzo Zvenyaya: Mhedzisiro ye "Hardcore" yeGraphitized Petroleum Coke

• Kugadzirwa kweSimbi yeBearing: Mushure mekushandisa graphitized petroleum coke, rimwe bhizinesi rakaderedza kushanduka kwehuwandu hwekabhoni hwesimbi yebearing kubva pa ±0.05% kusvika ku ±0.02%, rakawedzera mwero wekukodzera kwechigadzirwa ne15%, uye rakachengetedza mari inodarika mamiriyoni gumi eyuan mukurasikirwa kwegore negore kwezvimedu.
• Dzimba Itsva dzeMotokari dzeSimba: Nekushandisa coke yepetroleum yakacheneswa zvakanyanya, huwandu hwekabhoni hwesimbi yesilicon isina kurongeka hwakagadzika pasi pe0.005%, zvichivandudza kushanda kwemota ne3% uye kuwedzera huwandu hwekutyaira ne5%.
• Zvinobvisa Simba reNyukireya: Huremu hwenitrogen mu alloys dzakavakirwa pa nickel hwakanga hwakaderedzwa pasi pe 0.01%, zvichidzivirira kusashanda zvakanaka kwezvinhu zvinokonzerwa nehuwandu hwakawanda hwenitrogen uye kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa remidziyo nemakore makumi maviri.