Matambudziko ekushandiswa kwesimba uye kuburitswa kwekabhoni mukugadzirwa kwema graphite electrodes angagadziriswa sei?

Matambudziko ekushandiswa kwesimba uye kuburitswa kwekabhoni mukugadzirwa kwema graphite electrodes anogona kugadziriswa zvakarongeka kuburikidza nemhinduro dzinotevera dzemativi akawanda:

I. Rutivi rwezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa: Kugadzirisa Fomura uye Tekinoroji dzeKutsiva

1. Kutsiva Needle Coke uye Kugadzirisa Ratio
Maelectrode egrafiti ane simba guru anoda needle coke (yakakwirira kristallinity uye low thermal expansion coefficient), asi kugadzirwa kwawo kunodya simba rakawanda kupfuura petroleum coke. Kugadzirisa chiyero cheneedle coke kune petroleum coke (semuenzaniso, matani 1.1–1.2 eneedle coke patani yezvigadzirwa zve electrode zvine simba guru) kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba rezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa uku uchiramba uchishanda zvakanaka. Semuenzaniso, maelectrode ane dhayamita re600mm ultra-high-diameter akagadzirwa muChenzhou akaderedza CO₂ emissions kubva mukugadzirwa kwesimbi kwesimbi yemagetsi ye arc furnace neanopfuura 70% kuburikidza ne optimized raw material ratios.

2. Kubudirira Kwakawedzerwa Kwekubatanidza Mabhaini
Pitch yemarasha, inoshandiswa se binder uye inogadzira 25%–35% yezvinhu zvakabikwa, inosiya 60%–70% chete mushure mekubika. Kushandisa pitch yakagadziriswa kana kuwedzera nanofillers kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro e binder, kuderedza kushandiswa kwe binder, uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kwemhepo panguva yekubika.

II. Rutivi rweMaitiro: Kuchengetedza Simba uye Kuderedza Kushandiswa Kwesimba

1. Kugadzirisa Kushandiswa Kwesimba reGraphitization

• Internal Series Graphitization Furnace: Zvichienzaniswa nemidziyo yechinyakare yeAcheson, izvi zvinoderedza kushandiswa kwemagetsi ne20%–30% nekupisa maelectrode akatevedzana ane zvinhu zvinodzivirira, zvichideredza kurasikirwa nekupisa.
• Tekinoroji yeGraphitization yeTembiricha Yakaderera: Kugadzira macatalyst matsva kana kugadzirisa maitiro ekurapa kupisa kuti aderedze tembiricha yegraphitization kubva pa2,800°C kusvika pasi pe2,600°C, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwesimba patani ne500–800 kWh.
• Masisitimu Ekudzoreredza Kupisa Kwemarara: Kushandisa kupisa kwemarara muchoto chegrafitiization pakupisa zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa kana kugadzira magetsi kunovandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekupisa ne10%–15%.

2. Kutsiva Mafuta Ekubikisa
Kutsiva mafuta anorema kana gasi remarasha negasi rechisikigo kunowedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwemoto ne20% uye kunoderedza kuburitswa kweCO₂ ne15%–20%. Maovheni ekubikisa anoshanda zvakanyanya ane tekinoroji yekupisa yakarongwa anopfupikisa nguva yekubikisa, achideredza kushandiswa kwemafuta ne10%–15%.

3. Kuisa pamuviri uye Kudzokorodza Kuzadza
Zvinoshandiswa pakupinza zvinhu zvakagadziriswa (0.5–0.8 matani patani yemaelectrode) zvinogona kuderedza kupinza zvinhu kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwekupinza zvinhu muvacuum. Mwero wekudzokorodza zvinhu zvesimbi zvecoke kana quartz sand fillers unosvika 90%, zvichideredza kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinobatsira.

III. Rutivi rweMidziyo: Kuvandudzwa Kwakangwara uye Kwakakura

1. Mafuro Makuru uye Kudzora Kwemagetsi
Mafurni makuru emagetsi e-ultra-high-power (UHP) ane masisitimu ekudzora impedance uye kutarisa mukati mefurnace anoderedza mwero wekutyoka kweelectrode kusvika pasi pe2% uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba patani ne10%–15%. Masisitimu emagetsi ane hungwaru anogadzirisa voltage yearc uye current peaks zvichienderana nemagiredhi esimbi uye maitiro, achidzivirira kurasikirwa kwe reactive oxidation.

2. Kuvaka Mitsetse Yekugadzira Inoenderera Mberi
Kugadzirwa kunobva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira kubva pakupwanya zvinhu kusvika pakugayiwa kunoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba pakati nepakati. Semuenzaniso, kupisa kwemhepo kana kwemagetsi mukusanganisa kunoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba patani kubva pa80 kWh kusvika pa50 kWh.

IV. Maumbirwo eSimba: Simba Risina Kusviba uye Kutarisira Kabhoni

1. Kugamuchirwa kweSimba Rinovandudzwa
Kuvaka mafekitori munzvimbo dzakapfuma muzuva kana mhepo uye kushandisa magetsi akasvibirira kugadzira graphitization (ichiverengera 80%–90% yemagetsi ese anoshandiswa) kunogona kuderedza kuburitswa kwecarbon patani kubva pa4.48 kusvika pasi pe1.5 matani. Masisitimu ekuchengetera simba anoenzanisa kushanduka kwegrid, zvichivandudza kushandiswa kwesimba rakasvibirira.

2. Kubatwa, Kushandiswa, uye Kuchengetwa kweKabhoni (CCUS)
Kubata CO₂ inoburitswa panguva yekubika uye graphitization yekugadzira lithium carbonate kana mafuta ekugadzira kunogonesa kudzokorodza kabhoni.

V. Mutemo neKushandira pamwe kweMaindasitiri

1. Kudzora Kugona uye Kubatanidza Maindasitiri
Kuderedza zvakanyanya kugona kutsva kunoshandisa simba rakawanda uye kukurudzira huwandu hweindasitiri (semuenzaniso, chikamu chemusika cheFangda Carbon che17.18%) chinoshandisa hupfumi hwenzvimbo yekuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba. Kukurudzira kubatanidzwa kwemagetsi, senge Fangda Carbon's self-supply ye67.8% ye calcined coke ne needle coke, kunoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba rekutakura zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa.

2. Kutengeserana kweCarbon neGreen Finance
Kuisa mari yekabhoni mumitengo yezvigadzirwa kunokurudzira kudzikiswa kweutsi hunobuda. Semuenzaniso, mushure mekunge Japan yatanga kuferefeta pamusoro pema electrode e graphite ekuChina, makambani emuno akavandudza matekinoroji kuti aderedze mutero wekabhoni. Kuburitsa ma green bonds kunotsigira nzira dzekuchengetedza simba, dzakadai seimwe kambani ichideredza chiyero chayo chechikwereti-ku-asset kuburikidza nekuchinjana kwechikwereti-ku-equity uye kupa mari yekuongorora nekuvandudza furnace ye graphitization furnace.

VI. Chidzidzo Chenyaya: Kuderedza Kubuda Kwemhepo KwemaElectrode eChenzhou e600mm

Nzira yehunyanzvi: Kugadzirisa chiyero checoke yetsono + furnace yegirafiti yemukati + kudzoreredza kupisa kwetsvina.
Kuenzanisa Data:

• Kushandiswa kwemagetsi: Kwaderedzwa kubva pa5,500 kWh/ton kusvika pa4,200 kWh/ton (↓23.6%).
• Kabhoni inoburitswa: Yaderedzwa kubva pa4.48 matani/tani kusvika pa1.2 matani/tani (↓73.2%).
• Mari: Mari yemagetsi yakadzikira ne18%, zvichiwedzera kukwikwidzana pamusika.

Mhedziso

Kuburikidza nekugadzirisa zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa, kuvandudza mashandiro, kuvandudza michina, kushandura simba, uye kubatanidza mitemo, kugadzirwa kwema electrode e graphite kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne20%–30% uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwekabhoni ne50%–70%. Nekubudirira kuri kuita graphitization yekupisa kwakaderera uye kushandiswa kwesimba rekuchengetedza nharaunda, indasitiri iyi yakagadzirira kuwedzera kuburitswa kwekabhoni panosvika 2030 uye kuwana carbon neutral panosvika 2060.