Kugona kweGraphite kufambisa magetsi uku ichibvisa kana kutamisa kupisa kubva kuzvinhu zvakakosha kunoita kuti ive chinhu chakanaka chekushandisa magetsi anosanganisira masemiconductor, mota dzemagetsi, uye kunyangwe kugadzira mabhatiri emazuva ano.
Graphene ndiyo inonzi nesainzi nemainjiniya girafu rimwe chete regirafu padanho reatomu, uye girafu idzi dzakatetepa dzegirafu dziri kupetwa uye kushandiswa mumachubhu emvura. Izvi zvingangodaro zvichikonzerwa nekufambiswa kwemagetsi kunoshamisa uye simba guru uye kuomarara kwezvinhu izvi.
Machubhu ecarbon nanotubes anhasi akagadzirwa nechiyero chekureba kusvika padhayamita chinosvika 132,000,000:1, icho chakakura zvakanyanya kupfuura chero chimwe chinhu. Kunze kwekushandiswa mu nanotechnology, iyo ichiri itsva munyika yema semiconductors, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vagadziri vazhinji vegraphite vanga vachigadzira mamakisi chaiwo egraphite kuindasitiri yema semiconductor kwemakumi emakore.
2. Mota dzemagetsi, majenareta uye maAlternator
Zvinhu zvekabhoni graphite zvinoshandiswawo kakawanda mumamota emagetsi, majenareta, uye ma alternator muchimiro chemabhurashi ekabhoni. Muchiitiko ichi "bhurashi" chishandiso chinofambisa magetsi pakati pewaya dzisingachinji uye musanganiswa wezvikamu zvinofamba, uye chinowanzoiswa mushaft inotenderera.
3. Kuisirwa kweIon
Graphite yava kushandiswa kakawanda muindasitiri yezvemagetsi. Iri kushandiswawo mukuisa maion, thermocouples, electrical switches, capacitors, transistors, uye mabhatiri zvakare.
Kuisa maion mumasero inzira yeinjiniya apo maion echinhu chimwe chete anokurumidziswa mumunda wemagetsi uye anokanganiswa kuita chimwe chinhu, senzira yekuisa maion mumasero. Ndiyo imwe yenzira huru dzinoshandiswa mukugadzira ma microchips emakombiyuta edu emazuva ano, uye maatomu e graphite anowanzo kuve imwe yemhando dzemaatomu anoiswa muma microchips aya akavakirwa pa silicon.
Kunze kwebasa rakasiyana regraphite mukugadzirwa kwema microchips, hunyanzvi hwakavakirwa pagraphite hwava kushandiswa kutsiva ma capacitor echinyakare nema transistors zvakare. Sekureva kwevamwe vaongorori, graphene inogona kunge iri imwe nzira inogoneka panzvimbo pesilicon zvachose. Yakatetepa ka100 pane transistor diki yesilicon, inoita magetsi zvinobudirira, uye ine hunhu hunoshamisa hunogona kubatsira zvikuru mu quantum computing. Graphene yakashandiswawo muma capacitors emazuva ano. Kutaura zvazviri, ma supercapacitors e graphene anonzi ane simba ka20 kupfuura ma capacitor echinyakare (anoburitsa 20 W/cm3), uye anogona kunge akasimba ka3 kupfuura mabhatiri e lithium-ion ane simba rakawanda nhasi.
4. Mabhatiri
Kana zvasvika kumabhatiri (dry cell uye lithium-Ion), zvinhu zvekabhoni negrafiti zvakabatsirawo pano. Kana iri dry-cell yechinyakare (mabhatiri atinowanzo shandisa mumaredhiyo edu, matochi, maremote, uye mawachi), electrode yesimbi kana graphite rod (cathode) yakakomberedzwa ne electrolyte paste yakanyorova, uye ese ari maviri akaiswa mukati me silinda yesimbi.
Mabhatiri emazuva ano e lithium-ion ari kushandisawo graphite — se anode. Mabhatiri ekare e lithium-ion aishandisa zvinhu zvechinyakare zve graphite, asi ikozvino sezvo graphene yava kuwanikwa zviri nyore, graphene anodes yava kushandiswa — kunyanya nekuda kwezvikonzero zviviri; 1. graphene anodes dzinochengeta simba zviri nani uye 2. dzinovimbisa nguva yekuchaja inokurumidza kagumi kupfuura bhatiri re lithium-ion rechinyakare.
Mabhatiri e lithium-ion anogona kuchajwazve ari kuramba achifarirwa mazuva ano. Iye zvino anowanzo shandiswa mumidziyo yedu yemumba, mumagetsi anotakurika, mumalaptop, mumafoni, mumotokari dzemagetsi dzakasanganiswa, mumotokari dzemauto, uye muzvishandiso zvemuchadenga zvakare.
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-15-2021