1. ZVINHU ZVISINA KUGADZIRWA
Coke (inenge 75-80% yezviri mukati)
Coke yePetroleum
Petroleum coke ndiyo inonyanya kukosha, uye inoumbwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, kubva ku-anisotropic needle coke kusvika ku-almost isotropic fluid coke. Iyo-anisotropic needle coke, nekuda kwechimiro chayo, inokosha pakugadzira maelectrode anoshanda zvakanyanya anoshandiswa mumaovheni emagetsi, uko kunodiwa simba repamusoro remagetsi, mechanical uye thermal load-bearing. Petroleum coke inogadzirwa chete nemaitiro ekukonzeresa kunonoka, inova nzira inononoka yekuisa carbon mumafuta asina kucheneswa.
Izwi rekuti Needle coke rinonyanya kushandiswa kureva rudzi rwakasiyana rwecoke rune graphitizing yakakwira zvikuru inobva pakuenderana kwakasimba kwechimiro chayo che turbostratic layer uye chimiro chayo chemuviri.
Zvibatiso (zviri mukati zviri pakati pe20-25%)
Nzvimbo yetara yemarasha
Zvinobatanidza zvinoshandiswa kubatanidza zvidimbu zvakasimba. Kugona kwazvo kunyorovesa musanganiswa uyu kunoita kuti uve purasitiki yekuumba kana kuburitsa zvinhu.
Pitch yetara yemarasha imusanganiswa weorganic uye ine chimiro chakasiyana chekunhuhwirira. Nekuda kwehuwandu hwayo hwakawanda hwemaringi ebenzene akatsiviwa uye akakomberedzwa, yatova nechimiro chegrafiti chehexagonal lattice chakagadzirwa zvakajeka, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kuumba nzvimbo dzegrafiti dzakarongeka zvakanaka panguva yegraphitisation. Pitch ndiyo binder inobatsira zvikuru. Ndiyo residue yetara yemarasha inonyungudika.
2. KUSANGANISA UYE KUBVA MUCHINHU
Coke yakakuyiwa inosanganiswa ne coal tar pitch nezvimwe zvinowedzera kuti pave ne paste yakafanana. Izvi zvinounzwa mu extrusion cylinder. Padanho rekutanga mhepo inofanira kubviswa nekudzvanya. Danho re extrusion chairo rinotevera apo musanganiswa unoburitswa kuti ugadzire electrode yedhayamita nehurefu hwaunoda. Kuti kusanganiswa kugoneke uye kunyanya maitiro e extrusion (ona mufananidzo uri kurudyi) musanganiswa unofanirwa kunge wakakora. Izvi zvinoitwa nekuichengeta patembiricha yakakwira inosvika 120°C (zvichienderana ne pitch) panguva yese yekugadzira green. Iyi fomu yekutanga ine chimiro che cylindrical inozivikanwa se "green electrode".
3. KUBIKA
Mhando mbiri dzechoto chekubikira dziri kushandiswa:
Pano matanda anoburitswa anoiswa mumagaba esimbi isina ngura (saggers). Kuti electrodes dzisashanduka panguva yekudziisa, matombo anozadzwawo nejecha rinodzivirira. Matanda anoiswa pamapuratifomu emotokari (pasi pemotokari) uye anokungurutswa mumakilni egasi rechisikigo.
Chitofu chemhete
Pano maerekitironi anoiswa mugomba rematombo riri pasi peimba yekugadzira. gomba iri chikamu chehurongwa hwerin'i rine makamuri anopfuura gumi. Makamuri aya akabatana pamwe chete nehurongwa hwekutenderera kwemhepo inopisa kuchengetedza simba. Maburi ari pakati pemaerekitironi anozadzwawo nejecha kudzivirira kushanduka. Munguva yekubika, apo gomba rinoiswa kabhoni, tembiricha inofanirwa kudzorwa nokungwarira nekuti patembiricha inosvika 800°C gasi rinoungana nekukurumidza rinogona kukonzera kutsemuka kweerekitironi.
Muchikamu chino maerekitirodhi ane huwandu hwe1,55 - 1,60 kg/dm3.
4. KUPINDA MUSHONGA
Maelectrode akabikwa anoiswa pitch yakakosha (pitch yemvura pa200°C) kuti awane density yakakura, simba remakanika, uye conductivity yemagetsi yaanoda kuti agone kutsungirira mamiriro akaoma ekushanda mukati memaovheni.
5. KUBIKA PAMUSORO
Kubika kechipiri, kana kuti "kubikazve," kunodiwa kuti pitch impregnation impregnation iite kabhoni uye kubvisa chero volatiles yasara. Kupisa kwekubikazve kunosvika 750°C. Muchikamu chino maelectrode anogona kusvika density inosvika 1,67 - 1,74 kg/dm3.
6. KUGADZIRISA ZVINHU
Acheson Furnace
Danho rekupedzisira mukugadzirwa kwegirafiti kushandurwa kwekabhoni yakabikwa kuita girafiti, kunonzi graphitizing. Munguva yekugadzirwa kwegirafiti, kabhoni yakarongwa kare (turbostratic carbon) inoshandurwa kuita chimiro chegirafiti chakarongwa katatu.
Maelectrode aya anoiswa muzvitofu zvemagetsi zvakakomberedzwa nezvidimbu zvekabhoni kuti zviite huremu hwakasimba. Mwenje wemagetsi unopfuudzwa nemuchoto, zvichikwidza tembiricha kusvika pa3000°C. Maitiro aya anowanzoitwa uchishandisa ACHESON FURNACE kana LENGTHWISE FURNACE (LWG).
NeAcheson furnace, maelectrode anogadzirwa negirafiti uchishandisa nzira yebatch, nepo muLWG furnace, koramu yese inogadzirwa negirafiti panguva imwe chete.
7. KUSHANDISA MASHOKO
Maelectrode egrafiti (mushure mekutonhodza) anogadzirwa nemachina zvichienderana nehukuru hwawo uye kushivirira kwaanofanira kuita. Danho iri rinogonawo kusanganisira kugadzira nekugadzika magumo emaelectrodes ne threaded graphite pin (nipple) joining system.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-08-2021