Donhwe remafuta rinotanga rwendo kubva mumunda wemafuta, richiitwa coking processes kuti rishandurwe kuita petroleum coke, uye rozovandudzwazve kuburikidza ne graphitization kuti rigadzire zvinhu zve graphite zvine hutsanana hwakanyanya. Pakupedzisira, rinowana kushanda kwaro kudivi re anode remabhatiri emagetsi emotokari (EV), zvichipa simba kumotokari. Maitiro aya anoratidza kushanduka kwemafuta kubva pasimba rekare kuenda kune chinhu chepamusoro, zvichitungamira kukura kwegirinhi kwekufambisa mune ramangwana. Pazasi pane kuteverwa kwakadzama kwemaitiro aya:
1. Kubika Mafuta: Kuchinja kubva kuOiri Isina Kugadzirwa kuenda kuPetroleum Coke
Kubika mafuta mumafuta ibasa rakakosha mukuchenesa mafuta, kunyanya kupwanya mafuta akasara nekupisa kwakanyanya kuti agadzire magasi, peturu, dhiziri, mafuta anonhuwirira, uye peturu coke. Chinhu chikuru chemaitiro aya ndechekushandura mafuta akasara anorema, asina kukosha zvakanyanya kuita peturu coke ine kukosha kwakanyanya nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemafuta akareruka.
Mhando dzeMaitiro: Maitiro ekubika mafuta anosanganisira kubika mafuta zvakanonoka, kubika mvura, uye kubika flexicoking, pakati pezvimwe. Kubika mafuta zvakanonoka pari zvino ndicho chishandiso chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya pasi rose, pano "yuniti" yakakodzera zvakanyanya pasi rose, ichishandisa madhiramu maviri ecoke anoshanda achichinjana. Mafuta akasara anotsemuka pakupisa kwakanyanya, zvichigadzira coke inoungana mumadhiramu uye inozobviswa nekuchenesa kwe hydraulic.
Hunhu hweChigadzirwa: Petroleum coke, chinhu chikuru chakasimba che coking process, ine kabhoni yakawanda uye kusasimba kwakaderera. Zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwayo, petroleum coke inogona kuverengerwa seyemhando yemafuta kana yemagetsi. Petroleum coke inonyanya kushandiswa mumaindasitiri akadai sekugadzira magetsi nesimende, nepo electrode-grade petroleum coke, nekuda kwekuchena kwayo kwakanyanya uye kufambisa kwemagetsi kwakanaka, inoshanda sechinhu chakakosha pakugadzira ma graphite electrodes nezvinhu zve lithium-ion battery anode.
2. Kugadziriswa kweGraphitization: Kubviswa kweSublimation kubva kuPetroleum Coke kuenda kuZvinhu zveGraphite Zvakachena Zvakanyanya
Kugadziriswa kwegirafiti (graphization) idanho guru mukushandura petroleum coke kuita zvinhu zvegrafiti zvine hutsanana hwakanyanya. Maitiro aya anowanzoitika pakupisa kwakanyanya, uko kuora kwekupisa uye maitiro egirafiti (graphitization) zvinokonzeresa shanduko mumaumbirwo epetroleum coke, zvichigadzira chimiro chegirafiti chakachena.
Matekiniki Ekugadzirisa: Kugadzirisa girafiti kunowanzo sanganisira matanho akadai sekuongorora nekupwanya, kubheka, uye kugadzirisa girafiti muchoto. Pakupisa kwakanyanya, tsvina inosara mupetroleum coke inovhara zvishoma nezvishoma, ukuwo maatomu ekabhoni achigadziriswazve kuti agadzire chimiro chegirafiti chakasimba. Pakupedzisira, mushure mekugadzirisa nekurongedza zvakanaka, girafiti yakapedzwa yepetroleum coke inenge yagadzirira kutengeswa.
Hunhu hweChigadzirwa: Graphitized petroleum coke ine kuchena kwakanyanya, kufambisa magetsi kwakanaka, uye kugadzikana kwakanyanya kwekupisa. Hunhu uhwu hunoita kuti ishandiswe zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemaindasitiri, zvinosanganisira maelectrodes, cathodes, uye boiler fuels. Kunyanya muchikamu chemabhatiri e lithium-ion, graphitized petroleum coke, senzira yekugadzira zvinhu zve anode, inoita basa rakakosha mukuwedzera huwandu hwesimba rebhatiri, hupenyu hwema cycle, uye kuchengetedzeka.
3. Kubva kuGraphitized Petroleum Coke kusvika kuMabhatiri eEV: Kutungamira Simba Rekuchengetedza Ramangwana
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kuri kuita kudiwa kwesimba rakachena pasi rose uye budiriro inoenderera mberi, mota dzemagetsi dzave nzira yakakosha yekufambisa mune ramangwana, zvichiita kuti hunyanzvi nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji yemabhatiri zvive zvakakosha zvikuru. Kushandiswa kwecoke yepetroleum yakaganhurirwa mumabhatiri eEV kunoratidza maitiro aya.
Zvinhu zveBattery Anode: Graphitized petroleum coke yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa padivi reanode remabhatiri eEV, ichipa kumhanya kwekuchaja nekukurumidza, kutyaira kwenguva yakareba, uye hupenyu hwebhatiri hwakareba. Kuchena kwayo kwakanyanya uye kufambisa kwemagetsi kwakanaka kunogonesa kutamiswa kwemaerekitironi zvakanaka panguva yekuchaja nekubvisa mabhatiri, zvichideredza kurasikirwa kwesimba uye kuwedzera mashandiro ebhatiri.
Nyaya Yekushandisa Zvinhu Zvitsva: Ngatitorei ExxonMobil Corporation semuenzaniso. Kambani iyi yakagadzira molekyuru itsva yekabhoni (yakavakirwa patekinoroji yepetroleum coke yakazorwa) inokwanisa kuwedzera hupenyu hwemabhatiri eEV ne30%. Ichi chigadzirwa hachingogadzirisi mashandiro emabhatiri uye kuvimbika asiwo chinoderedza kuvimba negraphite yakacherwa, zvichipa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwekusimudzira mota dzemagetsi.
Mafambiro Emusika Netarisiro: Sezvo musika wemagetsi emagetsi uchiramba uchikura uye tekinoroji yemabhatiri ichifambira mberi, mikana yekushandisa graphitized petroleum coke mumabhatiri emagetsi emagetsi yakakura. Kune rumwe rutivi, nekuvandudzika kwehuwandu hwesimba remabhatiri uye kudzikiswa kwemitengo, huwandu hwekutyaira uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi zvichawedzera. Kune rumwe rutivi, kushandiswa kwakapararira kwetekinoroji yekuchaja nekukurumidza uye kuvandudzwa kwezvivakwa zvekuchaja kuchawedzera zvakanyanya nyore kwekushandiswa kwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi. Zvinhu izvi pamwe chete zvichatungamira kukura nekukurumidza kwemusika wemagetsi emagetsi, zvichizowedzera kudiwa kuri kukura kwemafuta emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-29-2025